Elementary Reaction Definition

Basic Reaction Definition Basic Reaction Definition A basic response is a substance response where reactants structure items in a solitary advance with a solitary progress state. Basic responses may join to shape complex or nonelementary responses. Basic Reaction Examples Sorts of basic responses include: Unimolecular Reaction - an atom modifies itself, framing at least one items A â†' items models: radioactive rot, cis-trans isomerization, racemization, ring opening, warm decay Bimolecular Reaction - two particles crash to frame at least one items. Bimolecular responses are second-request responses, where the pace of the substance response relies upon the centralization of the two compound species that are the reactants. This kind of response is basic in natural science. An A â†' items A B â†' items models: nucleophilic replacement Termolecular Reaction - three particles crash on the double and respond with one another. Termolecular responses are unprecedented in light of the fact that its impossible three reactants will at the same time crash, under the correct condition, to bring about a compound response. This kind of response is portrayed by: An A â†' items An A B â†' items A B C â†' items Sources Gillespie, D.T. (2009). A diffusional bimolecular inclination work. The Journal of Chemical Physicsâ 131, 164109.IUPAC. (1997). Summary of Chemical Terminology, second ed. (the Gold Book).

A Lesson Before Dying free essay sample

He followed alongside two men who were en route to an alcohol store. The storekeeper started contending with them, and a shootout happened. The storekeeper and the two men passed on, and Jefferson was left at the area of the wrongdoing alone with the firearm. He was captured and pursued for homicide. Jefferson’s legal counselor contends in court that Jefferson is only a hoard, and in this way unequipped for carrying out such a wrongdoing. The jury despite everything brings back a liable decision. After hearing the lawyer’s discourse, Jefferson’s back up parent, Miss Emma, wants for Jefferson to pass on like a man, not a hoard. She approaches Grant for help, as he is an informed man. He detests the bad behaviors done to his individual dark men, yet he wouldn't like to engage in Jefferson’s case. Be that as it may, after monstrous measures of power from his auntie Lou, he consents to attempt to support Jefferson. We will compose a custom article test on A Lesson Before Dying or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Jefferson opposes Grant’s endeavors to contact him. Award spends numerous awkward visits in the cell with Jefferson. At the point when Grant endeavors to show Jefferson nobility, Jefferson demands that pride is for people, not pigs. He mimics a hoard and attempts to outrage Grant with numbness, however Grant keeps his cool. Each visit finishes in disappointment, however Grant keeps on attempting to arrive at Jefferson. On his fourth visit, Grant gets Jefferson’s consideration with a discussion about his last feast. Jefferson concedes that he needs a gallon of frozen yogurt since he never had any. This discussion starts to separate the hindrance among Grant and Jefferson. Award purchases Jefferson a little radio and presents to him a journal to record whatever musings strike a chord. Jefferson guarantees that he will, and by Grant’s following visit, Jefferson has filled a page with musings on the contrast among swines and men. In the midst of Grant’s visits with Jefferson, he routinely visits with his better half Vivian for guidance and solace. Award ceaselessly recommends that they flee from their old neighborhood and their past in the South. The Reverend Ambrose can't arrive at Jefferson, and rather requests that Grant spare Jefferson’s character and soul. Jefferson inquires as to whether he puts stock in paradise and Grant answers that he doesn't, yet his secularism doesn't make him a decent man. Truth be told, Jefferson will spare even Grant’s soul on the off chance that he conveys the cross like Jesus did. Award clarifies that the blacks in the quarter have consistently been subjugated to white men, and that when Jefferson was known as a hoard, the whole dark network was debased considerably more. Presently, Jefferson has the potential for success to have up for his race. In March, the representative sets the execution date for about fourteen days after Easter. Individuals youthful and old from the quarter come to Jefferson’s cell to address him. Jefferson understands that he has gotten significantly more than a conventional man, not to mention a hoard, and that his demise will speak to considerably more than he suspected. Award can't discover it in himself to go to the execution. At the hour of the execution, he arranges his understudies to stoop at their work areas and petition God for Jefferson. After the execution is finished, Grant winds up numb, melancholy, and crying. The hero and storyteller of the novel is an African American teacher in his twenties. Award is keen and clever, yet additionally somewhat fraudulent and discouraged. Going through his time on earth in an amazingly supremacist network has made him unpleasant. He has no confidence in himself, society, or his religion-or deficiency in that department. He doesn't think anything will ever change in the south, and that break is the main choice. He fears engaging in conceivable acts of futility. This demeanor causes him to disparage obligation, and he is snappy against his auntie for driving him to support Jefferson. Over the range of the novel, be that as it may, he figures out how to acknowledge duty regarding himself, for his activities towards others, and for his job as an instructor and pioneer for change in his locale. A legit, tranquil, youthful dark man of underneath normal insight, Jefferson is an ordinary resident of Bayou. At the point when his legal counselor considers him a â€Å"hog,† Jefferson acknowledges the name and starts to view himself as a humble stable creature far not exactly any person. He gets pulled back and glum, tolerating his capital punishment and in this manner turning into an image of his mistreated individuals. Award attempts ordinarily to fix Jefferson’s mental state. He accepts that Jefferson can turn into the positive change the dark network needs. One of the numerous subjects in A Lesson Before Dying is recovery of one’s demise. With its steady references to Jesus Christ and his torturous killing, this novel suggests that a man’s demise can be an important and in any event, inspiring to a battling network. Jefferson has had a peaceful life, functioning as an estate specialist for a considerable length of time and never getting out of hand. When indicted for a wrongdoing he didn't submit, Jefferson is acting like the creature the whites think him. Be that as it may, his capital punishment frees him, and he finds the quality of the Lord. Before the finish of the novel, Jefferson comprehends that by biting the dust like a man, he is to a greater extent a man than any of the white men who unfairly sentenced him for homicide. He realizes that by declining to give up his ethical quality in his last minutes, he will elevate his locale. Thus, he strolls to his execution with his head up, and witnesses state he is the most grounded man in the room. A Lesson Before Dying is an extremely motivating novel for some youngsters on how their lives and the manner in which they convey themselves influences their locale. Gaines utilized normally spoken southern discourse in his novel to depict the characters in a very life-like and chronicled sense. In spite of the fact that the general part of the topic was all around played all through the entire story, Gaines’ pacing was completely unreasonably delayed for my taste. It appeared the initial fifteen parts where dull. Award essentially is contending each section with Tante Lou about observing Jefferson. The book could’ve been diminished in part size altogether. When Grant began going to see Jefferson, be that as it may, the plot and activity in the story began rolling.

Neurony goodness

Neurony goodness This week has been mostly dedicated to lab and cooking, since thats mostly what I do in the summer. Oh, and Adam and I went to Friendlys with Mark 07 last night for some awesome sundaes. It was fun and delicious. On the lab front, this week I started writing a paper about the project Ive been doing for the past year and a half. I started with the materials and methods section explaining all the experiments Ive done and the specific ways that I did them. Its the easiest section to write, because I dont actually have to think about the implications of anything I discovered, I just have to cite old papers done by other members of my lab and note the differences between our protocols. Ill be the first author on this paper, since Ive done basically all of the work on it; my postdoc Albert, who has helped me through all the (many) glitches, will be second author. Morgan, the professor in charge of the lab, gets to be last author, because hes the boss. And he pays my salary. Im going to finish up a few more experiments by the end of July, and hopefully Ill have the bulk of the paper written by then, too. After I finish the paper, well send it to a journal (Morgan hasnt decided which one yet); the journals reviewers will look at the paper and decide if it has merit. Its possible that the reviewers will send the paper back and ask us to do another experiment or two. If that happens, Albert will do the experiments and write the revision, because by then Ill probably be well into my first lab rotation for grad school! Ive been doing a few experiments at the bench this week in addition to writing the paper and making figures; mostly Ive been doing stuff with mammalian cells cultured in dishes in the incubator. I transfect the cells, which means that I get them to take up a plasmid DNA and make copies of my protein. Following the transfection, I harvest the cells for a Western blot or stain them with fluorescently-labeled antibodies. I get to go into lab tomorrow (SATURDAY) and transfect some COS7 cells, which are cells derived from a monkeys kidney. At least theres a long (5 hr) incubation, so I can mix the DNA in with the cells, then go to Fire and Ice with Adam, Mark 07, Dave 07, Steph (Daves girlfriend, Northeastern 08), Kate 07, Stephanie 08, Jomar 07, Jay 08, Kjell 09, and Tal 09. Its all-you-can-eat for $10 on Saturday afternoons! I thought Id leave you with some sweet pictures that I took on the microscope. Theyre neurons that I stained with antibodies, then came in at 8 AM to image on the scope. Arent they hot? Those are some damn good-looking neurons.

The Choice Of A Person s Life - 1685 Words

Rebecca Huss Professor Terrell English 102 1 October 2015 The Right to Choose Society loves choices. But when it comes to one of the most important decisions in a person’s life, the right to live or die, we only have a select few choices and some of them cause more harm than good. The choice here is whether or not a person should have the right to end his or her life in a safe, peaceful manner when the quality of life is no longer the same quality it once was. Currently only a few states give people the right to choose a peaceful way to end their lives. People should have the right to choose to end their pain and suffering when diagnosed with a terminally ill condition by legalizing physician-assisted death in every state. People often link the terms euthanasia and suicide with physician assisted dying. However, there is a huge difference between these. An informational article by Compassion and Choices explains that aid in dying is the process that allows a mentally competent, terminally ill adult to legally request a prescription for a life-ending medication from their physician. The medication must be self-administered (4). Euthanasia is a physician giving a person medication, mainly by lethal injection, to him or her requesting death. The difference between suicide and aid in dying is simple. Suicide is a physically healthy person choosing death for personal reasons while aid in dying is choosing death sooner instead of later when death is inevitable. KnowingShow MoreRelatedThe Choice Of A Person s Life1685 Words   |  7 PagesHuss Professor Terrell English 102 1 October 2015 The Right to Choose Society loves choices. But when it comes to one of the most important decisions in a person’s life, the right to live or die, we only have a select few choices and some of them cause more harm than good. The choice here is whether or not a person should have the right to end his or her life in a safe, peaceful manner when the quality of life is no longer the same quality it once was. Currently only a few states give people theRead MorePro Choice Is Not Murder968 Words   |  4 PagesDon t Bring Someone Into Suffering: Pro-Choice is Not Murder Out of 55 million Americans who live in food insecure homes, about 16.7 million are children. Almost 5.5 million children live in families who have lost their home. In Maryland alone, there are currently 250,000 children going hungry each day (Raphel). As we carry our lives day to day , many children are suffering due to hunger, the loss of a home, abuse, and many other causes. This issue has bothered me for as long as I can rememberRead MoreThe Matrix, By Keanu Reeves1120 Words   |  5 Pagessimulation, and every person around him is just asleep believing what they see is real. 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ThatRead MoreExistentialism : A Philosophical Theory Essay1551 Words   |  7 Pagesemphasizes the existences of one against it s freedom of choice and will. It is also interpreted that humans come into the world without a nature. Humanity has no universal established in advance principles or ethics common to all of humankind. Since there is no preformed essence or definition exists of what is means to be human, a person must form its own conception of any existence by maintaining the actions of and responsibility for its actions and choices. Consequently, a human being gains his/herRead MoreEssay on Abortion: A Freedom of Choice865 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion: A Freedom of Choice During the last twenty-five years, abortion has been one of the most heated topics being debated the world. The only topics that equal the abortion debate are race and war. Abortion is a discussion of human interaction where ethics, emotions, and law come together. 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So, as I got older and realized I wanted to become a doctor, my views changed on this topic because I now knew I wouldnRead MoreWithin On Liberty By John Stuart Mill1312 Words   |  6 PagesWithin On Liberty by John Stuart Mill, the notion of individuality and one s abilities to make choices for himself contradicts the notion of evolution within Edward O. Wilson’s Consilience. Mill’s beliefs derive from social interaction and experience in which the individual can decide for himself what is right versus what is wrong and can act upon what he believes to be the best option. Whereas, Wilson’s views coincide with the idea that individuals generate decisions based off of historically discoveredRead MoreIs Being Gay A Choice Or Nah?1264 Words   |  6 PagesIs Being Gay a Choice or Nah? â€Å"According to the APA today, there is little scientific consensus about the exact factors that cause a person to be gay, but most people don t experience a choice about their sexual orientation.† (Megan Gannon) In our society, arguing about whether or not a person was born homosexual is very common. You have people who claim that homosexuality is something that person chooses to be, and then you have people who claim that homosexuality is something that they were bornRead MoreLife Is Broken Down Into Stages901 Words   |  4 Pages Life is broken down into stages. From conception to birth a person is at their most vulnerable point. Developing into a toddler and growing up into a child is when a person s life beings to take shape. Adding to this shape is the growth into a teenager making important choices and an adult to figuring out who you are leading on to a senior and the elderly having went through these stages now old and back to their fragile state. Ultimately lif e ends in the unavoidable outcome, death. From conception

The Loss Of Privacy And Freedom Essay - 1625 Words

Through the example of Mae, Eggers states that the loss of privacy and freedom, through technology and through the technology companies running the government, is posing a great danger to the survival of humanity. Privacy is also something that Kaczynski worries about when talking about what he believes to be the greatest dangers to the survival of humanity. In order to talk about his ideas of this topic, his definition of what makes us fundamentally human needs to be established first. Kaczynski believes that â€Å"Human beings have a need (probably based in biology) for something that we will call the power process† (Kaczynski 47). This so called â€Å"power process† contains four separate parts: the â€Å"goal, effort and attainment of goal†¦ The fourth element†¦ we call it autonomy†¦ people need a greater or lesser degree of autonomy in working toward their goals† (Kaczynski 47, 50). This autonomous effort in attaining the goal is a key compone nt in Kaczynski’s understanding of what makes us fundamentally human. Kaczynski believes that humans rely on fulfilling the power process as our purpose in life. Because we can fulfill the power process, and we have the autonomous ability to do so, we are aware of our human needs and aware of our need to fulfill them. â€Å"Everyone has goals† - perhaps they are only basic human needs such as finding food and water, clothing and shelter, but the non-attainment of goals has dire consequences: â€Å"death if the goals are physical necessities, and inShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Article Personal Privacy Up For Grabs By C. Mitchell Shaw1617 Words   |  7 Pagesright to privacy is to take away his right to live. In the totalitarian government of the novel 1984 by George Orwell and the article â€Å"Personal privacy up for grabs† by C. Mitchell Shaw, there lies a sense of knowledge that constant watch does not signify safety or true freedom. Rather, both written pieces focus on the belief that a man without the freedom to act in privat e without observation is not a man at all--his existence is erased in the process. By analyzing the article â€Å"Personal privacy up forRead MoreThe Right Of Privacy, By Richard Posner1460 Words   |  6 PagesIn â€Å"The Right of Privacy,† Richard Posner argues that, â€Å"the law should in general accord private business information greater protection than it accords personal information. Secrecy is an important method of appropriating social benefits to the entrepreneur who creates them while in private life it is more likely to conceal discreditable facts† (Posner 404). However, his argument is flawed, because it denigrates individuals, diminishing the value of their privacy in order to place the corporateRead MorePrivacy And Security : A Technological World1356 Words   |  6 PagesMegan Gabriel-King Dr. Johnson PHIL 3170-002 26 October 2014 Privacy vs. Security In a Technological World Since the September 11th terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in 2001, the subject of terrorism has played a major role in both politics and media. As America embarked on the war on terrorism, the government became much more aware that threats to our country were both internal and external. In this age of technology it is now more possible than ever to discretely use surveillance softwareRead MoreThe Importance Of The Bill Of Rights1331 Words   |  6 Pages1791, the Bill of Rights was ratified by three-fourths of the states and was therefore added to the Constitution, becoming law. Out of the ten amendments in the Bill of Rights, the section regarding freedom of expression within the first amendment and ninth amendment protect a large portion of the freedom enjoyed by the citizens of the United States. These amendments are different in what they protect: the First Amendment regarding free speech provides protection for a single, identified right, whereasRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale And Fahrenheit 4511560 Words   |  7 Pagestheocracy government. The definition of theocracy is a form of government in which God or a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, the God s or deity s laws being interpreted by the religious authorities. Gilead runs the society to be without freedom or choice and all the sexes are strictly divided. Aunt Lydia who is one of the authority figures within the society tells the Handmaids the Republic of Gilead knows no bounds and that the Gilead is within them. Gilead s society values reproductionRead MoreShould Americans Give Up Some Rights For The Sake Of National Security?1311 Words   |  6 PagesMalachi Olson Professor Titche College Composition 12/14/2015 Should Americans give up some rights to privacy for the sake of national security? As a result of the horror that occurred during 9/11, where a group of terrorist known to most of Americans as Al Qaeda managed to hijack two jets and fly them into the middle of the twin towers of the World Trade center more than two thousand Americans were killed. Both building collapsed after the reinforced steel melted from the intense heat createdRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1277 Words   |  6 Pagesthe main character Winston’s inner struggle and his reflections which toward to the past and the future. In another word, this book shows the loss and the pursuit within the humanity. Totalitarianism is the biggest evil of all that leads to the dehumanization which has been addressed through 3 parts: the loss of privacy, the loss of individualism, the loss of history. Under the rule of this hierarchy Big Brother, only very few people within the whole population called â€Å"inner party members† haveRead MorePlagiarism : Plagiarism And Plagiarism1147 Words   |  5 Pagesfundamental values of educations in the context of truth, courage, academic freedom, and a spirit of academic inquiry. As academic grading system becomes some ‘social credit’ it ends up creating an orientation towards academic dishonesty and plagiarism (Hallack Poisson, 2007). Privacy and Confidentiality Privacy and confidentiality are linked to the respect for the dignity and fidelity of the research subjects. Privacy as an attribute of research ethics ensures the personal responses sources sourcedRead MoreThe Ethics Of Commercial Privacy1654 Words   |  7 Pagesof Commercial Privacy In â€Å"The Right of Privacy,† Richard Posner argues that, â€Å"the law should in general accord private business information greater protection than it accords personal information. Secrecy is an important method of appropriating social benefits to the entrepreneur who creates them while in private life it is more likely to conceal discreditable facts† (404). However, his argument is flawed, because it dehumanizes individuals, disregarding the value of their privacy in order to placeRead MorePrivacy Is The Freedom From Interference1106 Words   |  5 PagesPrivacy and Technology Introduction Privacy is the freedom from interference. It is a state of being free from public attention, and being watched or disturbed by other individuals. Every individual deserves to have the right to privacy, but the question is to what extent and at what state is considered an invasion of privacy. Information privacy is the right to control over one’s personal information, how it is collected and used. Many believe that people have to relinquish their privacy for safety

Memo to Ceo Free Essays

Our goal is to inspire, engage and develop our people to unleash full potential as individuals and as an organization. The organizational components of the hospital are its governing board, administration, the nursing staff and other key personnel. Each group has primary responsibilities specific to the nature of their function. We will write a custom essay sample on Memo to Ceo or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, each group share common Interests with others and must work cooperatively on issues such as long range planning, budgeting, capital equipment acquisition, facilities design, maintenance, and quality assurance. According to Giuliani (2004) decentralization is a structure that would promote better-informed decision-making, ensure effective articulation. Additionally, decentralization encourages self-sustainability and enable greater of understanding of local needs as well as better use of local resources and growth potentials for improving productivity and increased quality of care. Being cognizant of how Select Medicals’ decentralized structure functions will help to formulate effective strategies for improvement. There are crucial responsibilities In the organizing of Select Specialty. The Governing Board represents corporate leadership and ownership. The Governing Board address legal and regulatory manliness, Investments and business procedures, allowably Insurance, gulden and directing the organization, and establishing its policies and for charting its future course. Of crucial importance is the need for the governing board to ensure that specific organizational goals and philosophies are identified so that all parties have a clear understanding of why the institution exists and what goals everyone should be working toward. The Administrator is responsible for the implementation of the Board’s policy in the daily operations of the hospital. While the board is primarily unconcerned with whether the hospital will do well, the administrator is responsible for how it will be achieved. Typically the administrator focuses on hiring, organizing and supervising personnel and staff, designing and implementing proper policies and procedures, and allocating resources efficiently. The nursing staff and other key staff are responsible for caring out the interventions prescribed by the physician according to polices and procedures designed by the Governing Board. The staff team approach works to identify all of the patient’s medical conditions, devise he administrator is the liaison between the Governing Board and the rest of the organization. The identification and knowledge of Selects structure and functionality will assist in developing a strategic plan that will be in align with the vision, mission and objectives of the organization. Please feel free to contact me. Best regards, Michelle Frank References Giuliani, V. S. (2004). Decentralization of Health Care: Understanding the Relationship Between Values, Social Interaction and Health Policy. Conference Papers American Sociological Association, 1 . Dot: as_proceeding_35637. PDF How to cite Memo to Ceo, Papers

Sample on Developing Successful Business Management Teams

Question: Analyse the value of using theoretical models when building successful business teams? Answer: Introduction Various organizations have focused on developing organizational teams for ensuring successful achievement of the SMART goals and objectives. This paper has significantly focused on analyzing the important characteristics of a successful business team. The importance of team role has been discussed in this paper. Moreover, different team development phases are identified. It is essential to motivate the team members in order to ensure success of the team. Open communication and conflict resolution process have significant implication for the team. Additionally, this paper has also emphasized on discussing different techniques for monitoring the performance of an organization. Development of Model for Building Successful Business Team Presently, various organizations focus on development of successful business team for meeting its objectives. In order to establish successful teams, it is very important to understand the dynamics of team and essential features of effective team. Characteristics of Successful Business Teams Clear team Objectives: The purpose of a team must be clearly communicated to its members. The team leader will be responsible for setting goals and objectives by discussing with all the team members. Once the vision of the team is clear to the members, they will be focused in the pursuit of the team objective in order to ensure organizational success. Commitment of Team Members: The team members must be committed to the core values and unified goals. It significantly influences the performance of team as it help in making the team members self conscious about their activities. Commitment of the team members ensures the achievement of the organizational goals. Open Communication and Collaborative Environment: Open communication is crucial for the success of the team. In a team, all effort of all the members gets counted and sharing of ideas and knowledge are very important for enhancing the effectiveness of team. Often a task is fragmented into several parts and different team members are engaged in performing those jobs according to their expertise. Integration of job requires effective communication and cooperation of the team members to enhance overall performance of the team (Dyer, Dyer and Dyer, 2013). Consensus Decision Making: Mutual respect among the team members is very important and they must give importance to perspective and ideas of others for optimizing the performance of team. While decisions are taken regarding team activities, strategies or other team related things, all the team members must be encouraged and decision will be made after reaching consensus. Thus, all the members will feel valued and get motivated (De Jong and Elfring, 2010). Effective Leadership: The team leader is responsible for guiding the team towards the right direction and the leader must adopt effective approach to manage the team members. Another important task of the team leader is to motivate its team members (Lee et al., 2010). Effective Conflict Resolving Mechanism: As people from various background and different expertise work together in a team, conflict is considered to be natural part of team process. It is very important to identify the conflict at initial stage and then can apply an effective conflict resolving mechanism so that it does not affect the team performance. Importance of Team Roles in Successful Business Teams A business team is consisted of people with different expertise and they play distinct role within a team. According Belbin, team roles can be described as a tendency to communicate, contribute as well as behave with others in a specific manner. Identification of the team roles significantly contribute in identification of the strength for capitalizing it and the weakness for improving it. Basically, there are three major types of roles: action oriented, people oriented and thought oriented. (Belbins Team Roles) In case of Vigor Skin Care, a team was developed with three people and significantly contributed in the growth of the company. The CEO, Peter Markles had identified the need of developing a team in order to rejuvenate the organization. Peter plays an action oriented role for putting the idea in action (implementer) and he had also challenged the team for enhancing its performance (shaper). Another team member was Sandy Fryda and she was the marketing director of the company. She has developed several marketing strategies that significantly helped in the growth of the organization. Sandy has played though oriented roles and acted as a plant by presenting new ideas and approaches. Third member was Josh Bartola and he was engaged in new product development. He was a specialized and his specialized skills were deployed for accelerating the rejuvenation of the organization (Farmer, Yellowley and Smith, 2012). Value of Using Theoretical Models The concepts learnt from the theoretical models must be applied while developing business teams. Theoretical model has identified different leaders: task oriented and people oriented or may be combination of these two. Production and people are the two major aspects of concern for the leaders. According to the Blake and Moutons Leadership grid, status quo style is the balanced approach for leadership and the leader is concerned about both production and people. In real life situation the leader must consider these aspects and identify his major concern for developing strategies. This theory can be applied in real life while developing business teams. In order to ensure the success of business teams, Belbins team roles can be applied. Thus, the management will be able to capitalize the distinct role and performance of each team member. Theoretical models significantly help in formation of business tem through specific stages. Therefore, the group cohesion and communication among the t eam members help in achieving the goals and objectives of team. Providing Support for Team Development Stages of Team Development Team development is consisted of different stages and successful business teams need to undergo the four stages. Tuckmans team formation theory can be applied for developing a business team. Each step of the team development is discussed in this section. Forming: Forming is the first step where the team members get assembled and focus on recognizing the purpose and setting goals. The team members start interacting and gets involved in planning. In this stage the members decide what needs to be done. Storming: Storming is the second phase where the team members start to discuss the task and share ideas. The relationship among the team members may get changed during this phase. Norming: In the norming stage, the team achieves stability. In this stage the team members are ready to takeover responsibilities and focus on avoiding conflict. Performing: The last stage is performing where the team starts performing well. The plans are implemented in this phase in order to achieve the desired result. According to Leigh and Maynards, there are six stages of team development which is consisted of starting, sorting, stabilizing, striving, succeeding and stopping. In case of Vigor Skin Care, Peter developed the team with Sandy and Josh. Peter spent significant time to develop bonding with the team members and they started sharing ideas for rejuvenating the company. Therefore, the team developed effective strategies which boosted growth in the organization and those strategies worked well. Motivating Team Members or Achieving Objectives Motivating the team members is crucial for ensuring success of the team. Motivation provides the energy as well as desire for working towards the specific goals. Motivation helps in enhancing the productivity of the team members. Motivation influences a person for leading towards the activities in the desired behavior. Maslow had proposed the hierarchy of needs and fulfillment of the lower level needs trigger the individual to recognize the higher level needs. Basic needs are referred to the physiological need. Thereafter, the two important psychological needs are safety needs and social needs. Upon successful achievement of these three needs, an individual recognizes the self fulfillment needs: self esteem and self actualization (Arvinen-Muondo and Perkins, 2013). The two factor model of Herzberg has classified two distinct factors that are involved in motivation. Hygiene factors include good working environment, salary, fringe benefits, security etc and absence of these factor create dissatisfaction among the employees. Hence, it is very important to ensure that these factors are fulfilled. The motivational factors such as recognition, challenging job, responsibility etc has helped in enhancing job satisfaction and personal growth. Hence, these intrinsic motivational factors must be present for developing a successful team (Javadi et al., 2012). In case of Vigor Skin Care one team members is found to be engaged with activities of other department and another team member is found to be stressed and exhausted. While developing a team, Peter must share the organizational vision with the teammates so that they work together for achieving the glory of reaching the vision. Effective communications with the team members make them feel valued which is essential for obtaining commitment. The activities of individual must be appreciated and creativity needs to be encouraged through giving an opportunity for growth. Mutual support as well as trust is the most important factors in a team (Baek and Jung, 2014). The team members are getting frustrated and unhappy. In this situation, team spirit must be created and maintained at the workplace. Re-motivating the team members through enhanced communication and explaining their role along with contribution in the organization will be effective. Open Communication among Team Members Open communication is an essential aspect of the successful business team. In a team, the members work together for achieving mutual goals (Sarker et al., 2011). The activities of an individual within a team are dependent on others. Hence, effective communication is considered to be indispensable factor for ensuring team success. In case of Vigor Skin Care, the team had lost its spirit and the team performance started declining when the communication was disrupted. It was found that one of the members avoided the meetings and he was found to be busy with the activities of other departments. It has been found that Sandy was stressed and frustrated. She did not respond to the phone calls and e-mails. Lack of enthusiasm and communication created problem for the team as well as the organization. In order to encourage open communication in Vigor Skin Care, frequent team meetings must be scheduled so that the teammates can be encouraged to participate in the organizational activities. Informal communication can be encouraged through asking personal well being. Thus the stress and frustration can be resolved and team members will be encouraged to take part in the communication. Moreover, each member must share his own idea and ask for recommendations and feedback instead of imposing his personal decision. This gesture will make others feel valued and they will take part in open communication. Regular updates regarding important issues must be shared with the team members which will encourage them get engaged into the organizational procedures. In this manner, open communication can be encouraged in Vigor Skin Care. Conflict Resolution among Team Members Conflict is a common phenomenon of business teams and it creates a negative as well as positive impact on the performance of the team on the basis of its nature and severity. Conflict arises when an individual shares different point of view within a team. Business teams must focus on resolving the conflict at the initial stage. First of all, the conflict must be acknowledged instead of ignoring it. A healthy discussion can be initiated to encourage all the team members to reflect upon the issue. Therefore, the major impacts of the conflict must be discussed. After that, effective communication is required to search for the alternatives. Brainstorming sessions will be conducted for identification of the strength as well as weaknesses of each proposed. In the conflict resolution mechanism all the concerned parties must be engaged during the procedure. Each movement must be transparent so that everybody can express their personal view. At the end, consensus must be achieved for resolving the issue. Negotiation strategies are very effective in order to resolve the conflict at workplace. The team members can negotiate on a particular issue in a systematic manner. Win-win negotiation is considered to be an effective strategy for resolving the conflict (Tung and Chang, 2011). In case of Win-Win negotiation, both t he parties get satisfied as some of their demands are fulfilled. Thus, everybody feels valued and encouraged to play their role in the team and organization. If the team members are not satisfied with the solution, it will have a negative impact on the productivity and performance. Generally, conflict resolution is found to be a lengthy process and when the conflict is resolved it must be acknowledged and celebrated for developing team cohesion. Thus, the team members will be motivated to perform better. Monitoring Team Performance Monitoring team performance is considered to be an important aspect for ensuring success of the business teams. Generally, the performance of a team is evaluated on the basis of the goals and objectives of the teams. Methods for Monitoring Team Performance Performance of a team is measured on the basis of corporate goals and SMART objectives set for the team. Automated Recoding of Workflow: It will help in recoding the level of output of a particular team and the team leader can easily monitor the performance of the team in terms of productivity. This technique is found to be appropriate in case of manufacturing industries. Manual Recoding of Workflow: The team members can keep a track of their own activities so that the team leader for analyzing the productivity. Sampling of Output: The quality of the product needs to be analyzed along with the production by the team leader. Key Performance Indicators: Key performance indicators must be developed for analyzing the performance of the team. Recommendations for Improving Performance against Given Objectives Performance of the team members can be improved against the given objectives with the aid of the following strategies and initiatives. It can be recommended that Peter must take the following initiatives: First of all, it is important to explain the goal and objectives along with the specific role of each team members. It will significantly help in performing the tasks efficiently. Conducting meetings after regular intervals will be helpful in discussing the issues as well as revised strategies and plans with the concerned people. Additionally, it will enhance the level of communication which crucial for the success of team. Open communication must be encouraged within the team so that the benefits of teamwork can be capitalized. Regular monitoring of the individual activities will help in tracking the progress of the activities. Deviation from the desired level of activities will be assessed and necessary steps must be taken in order to improve the performance to the desired level. Conflicts within the team must not be ignored and the team leaders must take proactive initiatives in order to resolve the issue. Thus the overall performance can be impro

Thomas Wyatt My Galley free essay sample

It is a ship struggling during a terrible storm at sea, a metaphor for depression — a mind struggling to right itself. The imagery is incredible, and it’s a beautifully written sonnet. Rhyme scheme is ABBA ACCA DEED FF. One analysis I read (linked below) said this poem was about a man who had rejected God, and this battery at sea was the consequence (because, of course, God controls the sea and the weather). It also said the author was contemplating suicide as the only way out of this misery. The word choices are violent and emotional: sharp seas mine enemy steereth with cruelness rain of tears cloud of dark disdain despairing of the port One line (â€Å"every oar a thought in readiness†) is beautiful to me because of the way the analysis below described it: That the author was trying to think his way out of this turmoil, like oars trying to right the ship, and yet he could not. We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Wyatt My Galley or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Anyone who has ever been depressed or experienced hopelessness knows that trying to get oneself out of it using logical thought is useless. The end of the poem indicates that the author doesn’t even remember why he’s experiencing this trauma, and also that he has no guide (like the stars) for getting him to safety. My galley charged with forgetfulness Through sharp seas in winter nights doth pass Twene rock and rock; and eke mine enemy, alas That is my lord, steerth with cruelness And every oar a thought in readiness As though that death were light in such a case; An endless wind doth tear the sail apace Of forced sighs and trusty fearfulness A rain of tears, a cloud of dark disdain Hath done the wearied cords great hindrance Wreathed with error and eke with ignorance. The stars be hid that led me to this pain, Drowned is reason that should me comfort, And I remain despairing of the port. . Wyatt is talking about despair, and probably means religious despair (the sin of losing your faith in God). He uses the common metaphor of a ship in trouble at sea (remember that England is a seafaring island nation, so a lost ship is a powerful metaphor for the English). My galley charged with forgetfulness Thorough sharp seas in winter nights doth pass Twene rock and rock; Wyatts ship [his life] is weighed down [charged] with forgetfulness [he cannot remember what the point of life is, he cannot remember what it feels like to know God]; it is adrift on a stormy sea, at night, between rocks (and is therefore in great danger). and eke mine enemy, alas That is my lord, steerth with cruelness Wyatt feels that God is master of the ship, and that God has deliberately withdrawn Himself from Wyatt; God is steering the ship cruelly (God is deliberately hurting Wyatt) and has become Wyatts enemy, as well as being his Lord. And every oar a thought in readiness As though that death were light in such a case; A sailing ship which can no longer rely on the wind (when there is no wind, or the wind is blowing the wrong way) will sometimes use oars as an emergency solution. Wyatt is trying to think himself out of his despair (using the oars of his thought), but he is in such despair that when he thinks he only thinks of suicide as an escape from his misery (as though that death were light :: as if death was not a problem). An endless wind doth tear the sail apace Of forced sighs and trusty fearfulness A rain of tears, a cloud of dark disdain Hath done the wearied cords great hindrance Wreathed with error and eke with ignorance. Wyatt thinks of his own moaning and tears (because he is so unhappy) as the winds that are driving his ship toward the rocks (of suicide). His tears are the rain beating on the ship, and his despair and lethargy are loosening the rigging which holds the sails in place (heavy rain could loosen rigging on a sailing ship; then the sails would become loose, and a bad problem would become much worse) The stars be hid that led me to this pain, Drowned is reason that should me comfort, And I remain despairing of the port. Wyatt says he cannot see the stars (he cannot remember the reasons that once led him to believe in God), so his boat does not know where it is going to (at night a sailing boat travels by reference to the stars). Reason (Wyatts ability to understand the world he lives in) is drowned (dead; the world makes no sense to Wyatt now). And Wyatt just cant see the way out of this. The poem leaves us unsatisfied, confused, directionless; like Wyatt is.

Rainforrest Issues essays

Rainforrest Issues essays Sarah Kay Thomas 02/21/04 Rain Forest Issues Carmel H. Thesis: . I believe it is our duty as a people of this Earth to get involved and save this precious land. Of all the forests in the world, the rainforests provide the most life for both the living organisms that are in the forests themselves and those, which are surrounding it on the rest of the planet. Tropical rainforests are home to more species than all other land biomes combined. Rain Forests are one of the most diverse places on earth, containing the most species of living things, much more than anywhere else, and most have yet to be identified. All rain forests are located on earth's "green belt", the area roughly around the equator that covers all the area from Mexico, the northern area of South America, Africa, India, stretching out to Indonesia, and the northern tip of Australia all the way to New Guinea. This area is heavily covered with lush trees and plants, and is encompassed with life. Is economic development of greater value than the natural resources of the rainforest? The rainforest does provide many resources like timber, for cattle and agriculture, and for subsistence cropping by rainforest inhabitants. It has also provided natural medicines and special compounds that have proven to be very important in medical studies. Although In 1980, the estimated amount of rain forests in the world was 40,000 square miles. This number decreases each year by roughly 1,000 square miles due to construction and the resources being used for profit. Commercial logging is the leading factor in rainforest destruction, both through extraction ...

To what extent have Standard Charges improved the practice of planning Literature review

To what extent have Standard Charges improved the practice of planning obligations in the United Kingdom - Literature review Example The most common form of Standard Charge in relation to planning is the, so called, ‘roof-tax’, which is a tariff imposed ‘on development’ (Syms 2010, p.206). Despite the initial concerns regarding the role and the value of Standard Charges, it has been proved that the specific measure could help towards the improvement of planning obligations in Britain. The ways in which the above target is achieved are analytically explained in this paper; reference is made to the potential differentiation of Standard Charges from other, similar, approaches of planning obligations practice, such as the negotiated approach. 2. Critical review of planning obligations practice The framework of the planning obligations practice in Britain has been extensively examined in the literature; the contribution of these obligations in community development has been considered as one of the most important causes of this phenomenon. However, the emphasis on the planning obligations prac tice has been also related to various political interests, as analytically explained below. ... In accordance with Ratcliffe et al (2009) in their initial form, planning obligations were considered as ‘land-use/ amenity – related gains and social/ economic – related gains (Debenham et al. 1988 in Ratcliffe et al. 2009, p. 16). Another characteristic of planning obligations system in Britain is that the specific system is based ‘upon negotiation and bargaining’ (Ratcliffe et al 2009, p.16). It is assumed that planning obligations system is not fully standardized, but it can be rather transformed and customized in accordance with the needs of each particular case. In this context, flexibility is an additional characteristic of planning obligations system; it is this characteristic, which can result to problems for the effective operation of the specific system, a gap that is covered through Standard Charges, as they are analytically explained below. The planning obligations practice in Britain has to address a series of issues, the most important of which is the demand for increase of development across the country. In a report published by the House of Commons in 2006 reference is made to the need for urban development in the greater London area (House of Commons, 2006, p.198); furthermore, it is explained that the planning obligations practice could help the efforts of the London borough – and the Councils of the surrounding boroughs also – to support land development across London so that the housing needs of the local population to be covered. In the above context, it is made clear that the planning obligations system in London ‘should ensure that increases in value are captured and used to support infrastructure investment to maximize capacity and sustainability’ (House of Commons 2006, p.198).

The Body Shop and its Success Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The Body Shop and its Success Principles - Essay Example Many of Roddick’s slogans are designed to foster a sense of honesty and integrity, such as her in-store environmentalism campaigns, discounted refill services for environmental protectionism, and her acknowledgment that The Body Shop products have no miracle cure reinforce dedication to ethical business practice. Concepts of caring and loving, more emotionally-driven attitudes in business concept and product variety, clearly indicate a target market of the female audience. This supersedes existing patriarchical business philosophy in the beauty industry in this female-driven business related to policy development, ad concept, and even product development. Understanding the feminine persona at the psychological level gives The Body Shop its competitive edge. The company devotes little cash to marketing and advertising, believing the concept and Roddick’s brash attitudes with the assistance of PR services is enough to satisfy profit objectives and gain visibility in their key market demographic segments; and sales success supports this as a worthwhile strategy. The ample volume of corporate social responsibility activities bring this business much more value publicly and coupled with a more horizontal hierarchy, The Body Shop has established a culture loyal and dedicated to bringing success to the business. The Body Shop believes that â€Å"true beauty comes from confidence, vitality and inner well-being† (thebodyshop.com, 2009, p.1). The use of imagery designed to build on women’s self-esteem was the founding philosophies that brought considerable growth for The Body Shop. However, franchising and global growth have changed the dynamics of the customer/service worker relationship and the family-friendly atmosphere that Roddick so treasured personally and brought her a considerable brand  following. This has too changed Roddick’s relationship with subordinates and franchisees from a mentor to that of a corporate-minded executive, something Roddick is unsatisfied with.  

Aviation Safety Strategies at Airports

Aviation Safety Strategies at Airports Aviation Safety Strategies at Airports  within the United Arab Emirates One of the major issues that is relevant directly to airports, their management and operations is that of safety. It is the one area of the airport business that bound to cause concern to all of the business stakeholders, which includes airline operators, employees and the travel public. Recently, the international and regional airport and aviation authorities have developed a Safety Strategic Plan, which is recommended for use by all airports, indeed such a plan will become compulsory from January 2009. However, the development and implementation of such a plan is only the first step in the process. What is more important is that the plan is operated in practice in a manner that ensures its efficiency and effectiveness in addressing the issues that it has been designed for, namely to reduce and eliminate the potential for risk in safety issues. With the continual growth of air travel and the fact that this standard has only recently been developed it was felt that there was a need to study whether there is the willingness and necessary processes within the airport organisational structure to commit to making this plan work. Using airports within the UAE as an example, due the regions higher than global average growth of air travel, it was found that in some areas, specifically management commitment, resources and knowledge, there were areas of difficulty that needed to be addressed, particularly if the airport industry wishes to retain the confidence and trust of those that it serves, and specifically to ensure that air travel retains its safe operation record. Table of Contents (Jump to) Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Aims and Objectives 1.3 Overview Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Airports and air travel 2.3 Airport operations 2.4 Airport safety 2.5 Regulations and legislation 2.6 Summary Chapter 3 Methodology 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Choice of research method 3.3 Secondary data 3.4 The questionnaires 3.4 Performance of the research Chapter 4 Analysis of Questionnaire’s 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Part 1 4.3 Part 2 Chapter 5 Discussion and Analysis 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Discussion Chapter 6 Recommendations 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Industry recommendations 6.3 Further research Chapter 1 Introduction   1.1 Introduction As Dr Tarib Cherif (2008), general secretary of the ICAO[1] said in his introduction to an airport aviation summit held in Abu Dhabi in January, â€Å"Airport and airspace congestion in certain parts of the world are currently stretching sir navigation and ground facilities to the limit.† Furthermore, as this address goes on to add, with expected increases in global air traffic set to achieve growth of nearly 6% on average during the course of the next few years, with some areas of the world seeing double this figure, this will increase the pressure on all airport facilities and operations. Similarly, as the numbers of air travellers grows, the size of aircraft needed to carry this passenger load will also increase, as has been seen with the introduction of the latest European Airbus A380. Such aircraft will also add to the pressure at airports, both in terms of the flight operations and handling of extra passengers at times of boarding and alighting times (Wong 2008). With the advent of these changes, none of the airport resources will become more tested than those involved with strategic airport safety systems. Safety at airports is a complex issue that affects virtually every aspect of the airport authority’s operations and, in addition, it relates to all of the resources being utilised, which includes the buildings, airfields, air traffic control, internal transportation methods, passenger controls procedures and the business employees. As such, it can be seen to be an issue of significant importance to the welfare of those who use these facilities, which include the airline operators who both have operational hubs at the particular airport location and those who use the location as destination points. As with any other aspect of corporate management within airports, the effectiveness and efficient operations of safety systems within this environment need to be established and maintained through a process of strategic planning and monitoring, a process that has to be kept continually under review to ensure that it is regular upgraded to take into account the changing demands brought about by increased passenger loads, flight frequency and aircraft design and capacity. It is therefore important that the safety requirements of all areas if the airports supply chain are incorporated within this planning process. Furthermore, insofar as security issues such as terrorism impact upon safety issues, these also have to be incorporated within the strategic planning stage of safety system development. Because of the high level of important that airport operational safety has for all of the business stakeholders, if follows that the concerns of these various interested parties is not only that the airports are developing safety strategic plans, but that these are being embraced by all those who work within the organisation and implemented and monitored in a manner that can be relied upon to deliver the expected performance levels and objectives, with is to ensure the safety of all and striving to address and reduce areas of safety risk. Incidents such as a near miss on runways near miss, accidents and terrorist acts within airport concourses and other safety related issues heighten concerns about airport safety and bring into question the quality of safety procedures that are in force at these locations. It is these issues that have formed the motivation for this research, namely can there be confidence and trust in the airport strategic safety planning and implementation process? To provide a starting position for continued research into the issue of strategic safety planning and systems in airports, this study has concentrated solely upon the current situation as it has developed within the airports of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This region was chosen because its size, with only six airports in total, together with the fact that is still in the process of international airport development, means that it provides a more appropriate area to begin this analysis and evaluation because strategic safety systems might be in an embryonic stage. In addition, as will be seen within the analysis of existing data in the literature review in chapter two, the Middle East is one of the fastest growing regions in the world in terms of air travel. Furthermore, with the limited number of airport within a limited area it was anticipated that, by choosing to focus the study on two airports in the region, the results would be a fair representation of the state of strategic safety planning in the region generally. 1.2 Aims and Objectives The aim of this research is to provide an assessment on whether airport authorities have engaged with and embraced the process of strategic planning for the development of an airport safety system and, if so, to what extent these have been successfully implemented and maintained. In essence, the aim of the research can therefore be encapsulated within the following hypothesis: â€Å"To provide a clear understanding of the development and operational impact of the process strategic safety planning process within the six main airports that exist within the United Arab Emirates and identify whether these are efficiently implemented.† To enable the achievement of these goals, it is intended to work towards addressing the following objectives: To evaluate the needs and requirement of safety system maintenance and monitoring within the changing air travel environment. To provide an overview of the level of understanding and competency of airport personnel from the analysis of primary data responses. To provide an assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of the strategic safety planning process when experienced within a practical environment. This is be achieved by examining the results collected from primary data resources. It is felt that the above objectives will enable the research to provide a meaningful conclusion to the issues being addressed as well as allowing for recommendations for the future to be included where these are considered to be appropriate. 1.3 Overview The study has been organised in a manner that enables a logical continuity of development of the issues that have been addressed and the way the research itself has been conducted, which is intended to add clarity of understanding for the reader. The following explanation therefore provides an overview of the study format. Within chapter two, which commences following this introduction, a critical literature review is provided, within which analysis an evaluation into previous literature and studies into the issues of air travel, airport operations and safety performance issues with be addressed. It will also be used to highlight some of the areas of concerns that have been encountered by other researches on these subjects. Moving on to chapter three, the research design and methodology will be explained in greater detail. This will incorporate the author’s reasoning for the research method that has been chosen together with an explanation of how any constraints and limitations have been addressed. Furthermore, to enable others to following the logic of this study a short explanation of the data collection methods and research performance is also included. The findings from the primary research that has been conducted in support of the aims and objectives of this study, are presented in chapter four, and these will be analysed and discussed in further details in chapter five, where they will also be compared and evaluated by other existing data. As a result of these discussions, and where pertinent, appropriate recommendations will be presented in chapter six. These will relate both to the practical issues being faced by airport authorities when dealing with strategic safety planning and implementation, and suggest areas where further research may add more value and knowledge to this particular discipline. The study is then brought to a conclusion in chapter seven. Following the conclusion of this research paper, a list of reference sources is attached together with appendices, which includes additional information and data that was considered to be helpful in adding understanding to the study content. For example, detailed responses to primary data activity falls within this category. Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction Business research studies set in isolation in general prove to be of little value except as forming a foundation for future research into the same issues. However, such researches are of more immediate interest where they have been set within, and compared with, the existing published literature and studies conducted within the same discipline. This critical literature review has been included with that purpose in mind. For reasons of clarity and understanding it has been segmented into three specific sections. 2.2 Airports and air travel As was quoted from Dr Cherif’s (2008) address in the introduction to this study, air travel is continuing to see growth levels of around 6%, or to be more accurate 5.8% for the industry as a whole (see table 1). However, as this table indicates this is not being achieved by a balanced pattern when one analyses the position on a regional basis, as the same table, which covers the movements of around 94% of all international scheduled airline flights, although it does exclude the domestic travel, shows. It is clear from this analysis that whilst North America and Europe has reached what could be considered a point of relative saturation, in other areas of the world there have been significant growth and losses being achieved. In terms of losses Africa is the major loser in terms of passenger travel and, joined with Latin America, is also losing its share of freight travel. Table 1 Current air travel growth statistics Explanation of measurement terms: RPK: Revenue Passenger Kilometres measures actual passenger traffic ASK: Available Seat Kilometres measures available passenger capacity PLF: Passenger Load Factor is % of ASKs used. In comparison of 2007 to 2006, PLF indicates point differential between the periods compared FTK: Freight Tonne Kilometres measures actual freight traffic ATK: Available Tonne Kilometres measures available total capacity (combined passenger and cargo) Source: http://www.iata.org/pressroom/facts_figures/traffic_results/2008-05-02-01.htm However, what is more important in terms of the objectives of this research is the position being achieved within the Middle East, both in respect of the month against month and year to date comparisons. In terms of passenger and freight air travel this region has experienced a growth rate in excess of 15%, which, when considered against a 74.9% passenger load factor, indicates that there has been a considerable increase in the number of travellers that area using the UAE airport facilities. Furthermore, in terms of its share of the international passenger market, the UAE now accommodates around 8% (see figure 1). When this is compared with the share that the region held as of 2001 (see figure 2), it confirms that the region’s air travel passenger growth pattern is increasing at significant rate, quadrupling in the space of the past six years, with similar growth being achieved within the freight market share. It is apparent from these increases that, when compared with airlines in other areas of the world market, the Middle East airport systems are having to contend with a level of change in the services and products that they provide to the travelling passenger. In addition, the increase in the numbers of flights and operators using the airport facilities present these airports with additional pressures in terms of air traffic control and other infrastructure issues (Wells and Rodrigus 2003). 2.3 Airport operations As Anne Graham (2003, p. 98-99) in her study of airports and their management has rightly observed, the increase in air traffic and indeed the shape of airline travel, has changed dramatically during the course of the past few decades. Growth of passengers and changes in their expectations has led to an increase in the number of facilities being offered in an effort to improve the traveller’s experience. This includes the expansion of retail and refreshment areas within the waiting areas and departure lounges (Graham 2003, p.100). This aspect of the airport expansion of revenue attracting resources has now become a significant contributor to the airport’s total revenue (Graham 2003, p.147). In addition, the airports have had to respond with major improvements to their sites in order to cater for the increase in aircraft traffic, which has in some cases included additional runways and maintenance facilities and well as administrative offices for these corporations. An ex ample of this expansion can be seen in the development and improvements that have been made to the Abu Dhabi airport over paste few years (News 2008). As this article, following a doubling of passenger traffic between 1998 and 2006, with this growth expected to continue at around 30% by 2010, the airport authority has invested in excess of $230 million in increasing the runways and other internal facilities being offered by the airport. The Dubai airport underwent a similar process of transformation in the 1970’s and 1980’s (DIA History 2008). The relationship between the airports and the airlines that it services has also changed, especially following the successes and growth of the â€Å"low-cost† or budget sector (Graham 2003, p.100). Not only did this mean that these airlines no longer required the lavish offices and passenger reception lounges that were available to them in the past (Delfmann et al 2005), but because of the nature and small margins of the low-cost airline model there have been increasing demands made upon the airport industry to reduce the carrier cost, for example by these carriers seeking reduction in landing fees (Wells and Rodregues 2003. Delfmann et al 2005 and Graham 2003). With the budget airlines being willing to transfer their business to secondary airports, who were prepared in most cases to cooperate over these issues, the major airports found themselves under increasing pressure to follow suite. Furthermore, part of the cost saving exercise for the low-cost carrier’s have bee n achieved by a process of improving turnaround times at airports (Wells and Rodrigues 2003). This is another issue that creates pressure for the airport, both in terms of the changes in the performance levels needed by air traffic control and then additional speed and resources that needs to be attached to enable the ancillary services, such as baggage handling to carry out their tasks. However, perhaps the major issue that is affected by the growth in air travel for the airports, in addition to the extra facilities provided and the developing and changing relationship they have with the airlines, is in the area of safety. 2.4 Airport safety As mentioned before, airport safety is of paramount importance (Graham 2003). This applies to the activities that take place within the terminal building, the airfield itself and the surrounding areas and ancillary services and facilities. For those who use the airport safety and comfort are paramount to their enjoyment (Delfman et al 2005, p.564) of the airport terminal facilities. Similarly, with rapid aircraft turnarounds, keeping runways and taxiing areas safe and working efficiently has an equal level of importance. Safety and security is part of the same process within an airport environment and it is important for the authority controlling these facilities to ensure that the standards employed to maintain the safety of such an environment (Wells and Rodrigues 2003), by ensuring that the right level and content of safety measures is in force at all times and, furthermore, that these measures include a process for regular monitoring and changing as and when the changes in the environment suggests is necessary (Graham 2003). Amongst other issues this means being able to identify and address issues such as hazards that my cause concerns within or external to the facility (Graham 2003, p.111). Another important element is the training and awareness programmes needed for all of the employees (Wells 2005 and Graham 2003) aimed to ensure that a) safety rules are obeyed and b) that in the event of a safety incident the employees is able to respond rapidly and efficiently to resolve the problem. In addition to the importance of safety measures for the obvious practical needs, the airport also have a duty to maintain these standards simply in order to ensure that their procedures comply with the relevant regulations and legislation that apply to their industry and operations. 2.5 Regulations and legislation Internationally, the airports have to comply with many of the safety regulations and standards that have been set by the ICAO, which lays down certain procedures that must be carried out in the cases of safety breaches, for example accidents, injury and illness (Wells and Rodrigues 2005, p.72). In 2002, the ICAO was responsible for the adoption of the â€Å"Aviation Security Plan of Action†, which also included within its structure the safety aspects of running an airport (Graham 2003, p.259). In an effort to ensure that the airport employees are sufficiently aware of and trained in the internationally accepted standards, the ICAO has produced a number of publications and runs training workshops (Wells and Roderigues 2005, p.99). Although the airport authorities are not obliged to use these facilities, they do have to ensure that their own training methods are sufficient to ensure that the key safety personnel within the business are qualified to the requirements laid down within the international standards. In the case of the UAE, the responsibility for airport operations and security and safety issues is dealt with through the regions own General Civil Aviation Authority, whose role and regulations reflects that of the international organisation. Recently, the ICAO/GCAA have developed and introduced a programme known as Safety Strategic Plans. The intention is that every airport will be required to have such a document in written format within their operational facilities and that every employee must be trained and have complete knowledge of the safety procedures that are in force within the total airport complex. This document will have all the necessary reporting forms included and contain procedures for the monitoring of the safety programme in the practical environment (GACC). In addition to internal monitoring and auditing of the implemented safety strategic plan, the intention is that in the future, representatives from this organisations will act as external monitors to ensure that the safety standards and requirements are being adhered to by the individual airport. At present this plan is a voluntary process, but it will become mandatory from the beginning of 2009 (ICAO). The ICAO and GCAA standards are directly related to safety as it impacts specifically upon airports and airlines (Graham 2003, p.111). However, in addition to these regulations, or in some cases incorporated within them, the airport will also be regulated by the other national health and safety legislation. 2.6 Summary It can be seen from the research into previous and current literature that the air travel industry has changed significantly over the past few decades. Changes in the structure of the airlines, with the introduction of the low-cost carrier have led to a rapid expansion of the numbers of passengers that travel by air, with this growth expected to continue for the foreseeable future. This growth rate, which in the UAE is running at three times the global average, is placing additional pressure upon airport operations and their management. Responding to the loss of revenue as airlines have reduced their use of terminal facilities, the airports have reacted by increasing retail space and other facilities. However, the other impact that expansion of air travel has had is to bring additional pressure to bear upon existing airport facilities. An area that is of particular concern as a result of this situation is that of safety, both within the terminal complex and in the external areas of t he airport. In an effort to address these concerns, the national, regional and international regulators are developing a safety strategic plan, which is intended to ensure that safety systems are maintained at a level that is sufficient to meet the current demands of the airport environment. The findings presented in chapter five and subsequent discussions and analysis in chapter six will assess how successful these new safety developments have been in practice. Chapter 3 Methodology 3.1 Introduction One of the difficulties with addressing an issue such as the performance of safety programmes within an airport environment is that, because of the delicacy of the issue, incidences that can be deemed to have resulted from a breach of these regulations or poor implementation and monitori

Two Sides of Imperialism

Imperialism in the 19th and 20th centuries began crumbling at its foundations. Small enclaves of ethnic and nationalist groups sprouted throughout their native countryside, binding their people together to rise against their enemies and oppressors. The thought of independence from the foreign rulers, from the class system they set up, and from the atrocities they committed to gain control of the land was more than enough to motivate the fellow countrymen to take action. The foreigners, however, stood confused, wondering how such a great colony turned into such a massive conflict. The seeds of oppression and cruelty were sown year after year, and finally bore fruit. What these foreigners didn’t consider, however, was that there are many ways of creating an empire. The Roman Empire’s standard of conglomeration is a better method of imperialism than the exploitative approach employed by 19th century nations. The Roman Empire never fell by a revolution from its own people. Rather, many of its subjects lived life as either full-time or part-time citizens of the empire. Many of the conquered people were given some semblance of citizenship, as â€Å"provincials†. The Empire, however, did provide the newly-conquered the opportunity to become a citizen, provided they meet certain qualifications or expectations. In the study of Roman affairs, it is found that, †¦ the Roman government worked to maximize the number of persons to whom Roman ius civile, the law of Roman citizens, applied†¦ †¦ Beginning with the reign of the emperor Augustus (27 B. C. E. -14 C. E. ), institutionalized practices permitted provincials to become citizens, generally by serving either in the Roman army or on a city council†. While the Roman Empire continued its oppressive conquest of Europe, it continually sought to make conquered lands and their people a part of Roman life and economy. By providing the conquered a chance to someday become a Roman citizen, there was little incentive to rebel and revolt against the Empire. The Western stance on imperialism, however, was based off of an ideology much more different than the Romans. The general consensus many European countries shared was that Europeans were, racially speaking, superior to any other race, and as such, were predetermined to rule the rest of the world. One such instance is given in a speech given by Jules Ferry at the French Chamber of Deputies in 1883. At one point, Ferry states that â€Å"in effect, superior races have rights over inferior races†. When questioned about the rights of man, he promptly replies that, â€Å"if the declaration of the rights of man was written for the blacks of equatorial Africa, the by what right do you impose regular commerce upon them? They have not called upon you. † While the French were, like the Romans, interested in expanding, the justification by which they use extend themselves onto other lands are not the same. Ferry is of the opinion that because the French are a superior race, they should embark on a conquest over inferior races and makes them work for the benefit of the French Empire, without any of the same rights as a French citizen. The difference is that while the Romans implemented a system to someday incorporate their newly-conquered people, the French were only planning on exploiting their labor and commerce without ever extending to the people the same rights the French enjoyed. This exclusion did not go unnoticed among the French colonies, and would be a foundation for revolution in the coming years. But what about in colonies where there existed such a small opportunity for advancement? In colonies like India, there were chances for an Indian to learn like scholars, and as a result of such education, could communicate effectively with their ruling British counterparts. In fact, many of the Indians who had such education could see the flaws the colony had to address, and hoped to work with the British on fixing such problems. William Duiker writes that â€Å"members of the (Indian National Congress) did not demand immediate independence and accepted the need for reforms†¦ at the same time, they called for an Indian share of the governing process and more spending on economic development† The British however, still shared the same Western notion of racial superiority as the French, and as a result, remained convinced that British rule over India is still the best thing. Duiker states that the â€Å"British responded with a few concessions†¦but in general, change was glacially slow†3. Great Britain remained focused on keeping India’s resources, and giving Indians the same rights as British citizens was never part of the plan. Dissent grew over the imbalance of government, and the same people who were educated by the British were now starting to realize that there lay no future in pledging loyalty to British rule. One such man, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, spoke openly against Great Britain at the Indian National Congress in 1907. Pax Britannica has been established in this country in order that a foreign government may exploit this country†¦ We believed in the benevolent intentions of the government, but in politics there is no benevolence. Benevolence is used to sugarcoat the declarations of self-interest and we were in those days deceived by the apparent benevolent intentions under which rampant self-interest was concealed Great Britain’s biggest concern was for itself and its interests, and never intended to follow through on any plans benevolent to the Indian people. Even after being provided with an education, Indians still would never attain the same level of citizenship and respect that Britons night receive. The British Empire never expanded into India to make Indians a part of Great Britain; its textiles, teas, and labor were more than enough. With the chance to become fellow British citizens practically non-existent, many Indians soon turned to rebellion, boycotts, and a push for independence. Without the opportunity to ascend into British society, the Indians were left with no choice but to stay as loyal subjects of the British Crown, or call for independence. To conclude, the Roman Empire, while it may not have survived the test of time, used a method by which it kept its subjects content. The path for upward mobility in society was available to those who wanted it. The 19th century imperialist countries, however, such as France and England, felt that it was only necessary to implement brute force and harsh laws to get the same output from their subjects in distance colonies. Were it not for that sense of superiority, we might all still be loyal subjects of European nations.

Sompetition play in people’s daily life Essay

What part does competition play in people’s daily life? Do we put too much emphasis on competition? Are we more affected by its positive models or its less-desirable attributes? Does our economic system rely too heavily on winners and losers, or does the competitive marketplace spur new ideas and efficiencies? Now, I have a challenge for you. Think of one aspect of life that does not include competition. Do you find it hard to complete this task? If yes, why? This is because each day, in any number of ways, we are engaged in competition. Competition exists when there is a scarcity of a desired outcome. Thus, you may wonder, what part does competition play in our daily’s life? Competition makes people to improve themselves every day. Without competition, a lot of people will consider themselves the best in their majors. Though such feeling of confidence is important, it inevitably limits their intentions to develop the knowledge and technique. The appearance of another s pecialist will challenge the importance of the colleague in the same group and encourage him to learn more and do more. A good example is in an orchestra, if there is only one person who is good at playing violin, he may think himself the best and seldom consider improving his skill. Now a new player who is more talented and had achieved higher grade in violin comes into the same orchestra. The former player must face the fact that he is not the best there and needs to learn more and work more to keep up with new skill while the later one will keep practising so that he will always be better than the first musician. This in turn, motivates other players and thus higher the standard of the orchestra. Besides that, competition helps people to learn. It makes us strive for better. When there is a competition, we tend to give our best in urge to win. Even if we lose, we have learnt something.  We learnt from our failure and mistakes For example, in school, students work hard to overcome other people to be the top scholar in the school. If they did not do well in their tests, they will know what are their weaknesses and thus learn more so that they cam improve that. Without competition, students would be lazy and become incompetent. This is because competition is a motivational factor for a person to excel in any field. If there is no competition, students may not study to score good marks since there is no ranking. Moreover, competition builds teamwork. By working as a group to achieve something, we need to work effectively with other people. This in turn, improves our communication skills, socialising  skills and all round ability to work with other people. Therefore, competition makes us learn new things constantly. Furthermore, competition makes the manufactures invent better products which benefit the country and people. With the development of communication and transportation, merchandize can be easily tr ansported from one country to another country, as well as new technique can be easily learned from one region to another region. International competitions in a lot of fields appear. With a lot of brands of the same kind of commodity, customers always prefer the brand with better quality and cheap price. Therefore international competition makes the manufactures develop this kind of merchandize with the good quality and appropriate price using the better technique. As a result, the newest product with better quality and reasonable price improves the quality of people’s daily life and increase the popularity of the country as many people will know the newest product which can improve the quality of their lives is made by this country. If the country has high popularity, the people living in that country will have a better life. This is because more tourists will know and want to visit that country and thus generates income of the country. The country will then develop infrastr uctures which benefit its people. In conclusion, competition makes people to learn and improve and improve their standard of lives.

Effects Of Depression On High Income Countries - 1555 Words

Depression, in general, affects more than 340 million people around the world and is reported to be the highest cause of disability in high-income countries (Demissie). 15% to 85% of mothers can experience postpartum â€Å"blues† with postpartum depression rates between 11.7% and 20.4% in the United States alone (Ersek). This depression can occur at anytime from post-delivery up to one year (Ersek). Giving birth comes with a wide variety of changes including physical, emotion and social. There are very high levels of sex hormones in circulation which cause increased ligament, joint and muscle laxity (Norman). Many women lose their social contacts due to upcoming life changes, must take time off work, and must stop previous hobbies (Norman). Relationship factors, hormone changes, sleep deprivation and support deeply effect a woman’s self-esteem and confidence during and after pregnancy (Norman). [Daley et al.] states that symptoms of postpartum depression include decreas ed mood, fatigue, anxiety, thoughts of self-harm and poor mother-infant interactions(change wording). Women with post-partum depression have been reported to be at an increased risk for substance abuse, are more likely to miss gynecological and child health appointments, are more non-compliant with medical recommendations and are less likely to use preventative safety items like car seats and outlet covers (Ersek). Researchers state that women with postpartum depression are less likely to breastfeed and moreShow MoreRelatedDepression : A Psychological Mood Disorder Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesDepression is a psychological mood disorder that is common in today’s world. The effect of depression affects the person’s ability to control their feelings and thoughts, resulting in their activities of daily living being negatively affected. 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